• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a ballast (101) for lighting devices with an actively switched power factor correction stage (102), which is implemented in a totem pole boost topology, and with: - a control circuit (103), the control signals for driving switches (S1 , S2, S3, S4) of the PFC stage (102), - wherein the control circuit (103) is at a floating potential and is galvanically isolated from a ground potential of the ballast (101).
    公开号:AT16799U1
    申请号:TGM336/2015U
    申请日:2015-11-13
    公开日:2020-09-15
    发明作者:
    申请人:Tridonic Gmbh & Co Kg；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    description
    BALLAST WITH TOTEM-POLE POWER FACTOR CORRECTION (TOTEM-POLEPFC)
    The present invention is in the field of actively switched power factor control (PFC) circuits, preferably totem pole PFC circuits, for the operation of lighting equipment such as e.g. one or more LEDs or OLEDs. In particular, the present invention relates to a ballast for lighting devices with an actively switched power factor correction stage (PFC stage), which is preferably implemented in a totem pole boost topology. The invention also relates to a lighting device which comprises such a ballast.
    For power converter circuits that include drivers and converters for lighting equipment, such as ballasts for fluorescent and high pressure lamps or ballasts for LED modules, it is generally necessary to determine the extent of harmonics in the current drawn from the power supply, because regulatory laws are effective in this regard in many countries. Therefore, a simple solution consisting of a rectifier device (bridge or discrete rectifier diodes) plus a mass storage device (e.g. an electrolytic capacitor) is not suitable for most applications, since the harmonics in the current would exceed the basic values set by regulatory laws. As a solution to this, many Switching Power Supplies (SMPS) used in a ballast for lighting equipment operate in one mode, i. have a PFC circuit to absorb a predominantly sinusoidal current with a low content of harmonics. There are many different converter topologies (step-up converter, step-down converter, SEPIC, flyback converter, etc.) that can be used to implement a PFC circuit.
    A preferred topology according to the present invention is the so-called TotemPole Boost topology, which offers some advantages, such as an inherent possibility of completely avoiding switching losses at the switching devices, thus allowing the use of higher switching frequencies. Due to the higher switching frequencies, it is possible to construct a converter with smaller geometrical dimensions.
    ACQUISITION OF US 2013/0257390 A1 BY REFERENCE:
    In describing a preferred totem pole PFC circuit according to the present invention, i. an actively switched PFC circuit that is implemented in a totem pole boost topology, the US patent application publication US 2013/0257390 A1 is hereby incorporated by reference.
    DEFINITION OF "TOTEM-POLE-PFG-TOPOLOGY *:
    As used herein, the term "totem pole PFC topology" refers to the PFC topology disclosed in US patent application publication US 2013 / 0257390A1 and is defined as follows:
    - The circuit has an AC power supply or AC power supply, a first half-bridge arm and a second half-bridge arm.
    - The first half-bridge arm comprises a first and a second switch which are connected in series with one another.
    A second terminal of the first switch is connected to a first terminal of the second switch and coupled to a first end of the AC power supply via a first inductance.
    - The second bridge arm comprises third and fourth switches which are connected in series with one another.
    A second terminal of the third switch is connected to a first terminal of the fourth switch and a second end of the AC power supply.
    The third and fourth switches operate in on / off states using a control signal having an operating frequency consistent with that of the AC power supply.
    The on-state resistance of the third and fourth switches is lower than that of the first or second switch, thereby reducing the on-state loss of the switch and improving the operating frequency of the circuit. Since the third and fourth switches operate at the (low) operating frequency of the AC power supply voltage (around 50-60 Hz) which is very low, the switching loss and drive loss, which are directly proportional to the operating frequency, are very small.
    However, there are some disadvantages that currently limit the usability of totem pole boost topologies, such as a higher control overhead, larger number of components compared to other topologies, no easily accessible way of detecting the current through the switch and protecting the components due to a floating potential of both switching nodes, etc. Namely, the totem pole boost topology requires driver devices for switches that are at a floating potential and usually at a much higher potential than the control circuit arrangement for controlling the switches of the totem pole boost Are topology. Driver solutions for such a topology are known to those skilled in the art as “high side drivers” and usually have the disadvantage that they are more complex and require more components than driver solutions for driving switches that are connected to the ground potential (gnd).
    As a solution to this problem, the present invention proposes to separate (isolate) the control circuit arrangement (control circuit) from the ground potential to a floating potential. In addition, the low-voltage supply of the control circuit and any possible communication and detection interface are also disconnected from the ground potential.
    This has the advantage that complex drive models can be avoided and a simple shunt resistor can be provided for the detection of the current through the switch, the shunt resistor floating at the same potential as the control circuit arrangement.
    Therefore, the present invention proposes in view of the fact that the control circuitry for SMPS is normally ground based, which requires level shifting means to drive switches floating at higher potential, as in a totem pole boost topology is the case, propose to move the entire control block (control circuitry / circuit) to a more suitable circuit node. Namely, as a result of this, complex drive models can be avoided, while the expenditure for the construction of a simple floating low-voltage supply of the control block and the level shift for a possibly required communication interface is comparatively lower.
    As a result of the present invention, the disadvantages of totem pole boost topologies can be reduced, and thus this topology can be used to increase the switching frequency significantly. This allows the use of much smaller inductive components, and thus enables a smaller transducer design for the same performance.
    In detail, the present invention proposes a ballast for lighting devices with an actively switched power factor correction stage, which is implemented in a totem PoleBoost topology, and with a control circuit that outputs control signals for driving the switches of the PFC stage, the Control circuit is at a floating potential and is galvanically isolated from a ground potential of the ballast.
    This has the advantage that complex drive models for driving the switches of the PFC
    Stage can be avoided.
    According to a further aspect of the invention, the control circuit can be provided with feedback signals from the PFC stage, which indicate the zero crossings of the current through an inductance of the PFC stage and the current through at least one switch of the switches of the PFC stage.
    According to another aspect of the invention, the ballast can further have a low voltage supply for the control circuit, the low voltage supply for the control circuit being at the same floating potential as the control circuit and being galvanically isolated from the ground potential of the ballast.
    According to a further aspect of the invention, the ballast can also have a communication and detection interface that is at the same floating potential as the control circuit and galvanically isolated from the ground potential of the ballast.
    According to another aspect of the invention, the ballast may further include a shunt resistor for sensing the current through the at least one switch, the shunt resistor being at the same floating potential as the control circuit.
    This is advantageous because the current can easily be detected by a simple shunt resistor.
    According to a further aspect of the invention, the control circuit can be configured to provide the PFC stage with at least two types of control signals for driving the switches of the PFC stage.
    According to another aspect of the invention, the control circuit can be configured to regulate a first type of control signals for driving a first portion of the switches of the PFC stage using the feedback signals received from the PFC stage, and the control circuit can be configured to to provide a second type of control signal for driving a second part of the switches of the PFC stage without any regulation using the feedback signals received from the PFC stage.
    According to a further aspect of the invention, the second type of control signals can have an operating frequency which corresponds to the frequency of the AC input voltage of the PFC stage.
    This is advantageous since the switching loss and the drive loss of the switches of the PFC stage that are operated with the second type of control signals are very small and can thus be ignored.
    According to another aspect of the invention, a lighting device is proposed which can have lighting devices and a ballast according to the present invention for driving the lighting devices.
    For a better understanding of the present invention, embodiments will now be described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:
    [0031] -Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of the ballast according to the present invention.
    [0032] -Fig. 2 shows an actively switched PFC circuit implemented in a totem pole boost topology.
    [0033] -Fig. 3A-3D show phases of operation of a totem pole boost topology for the first half cycle of the alternating input voltage (AC input voltage).
    [0034] -Fig. Figure 4 shows a control loop model for controlling the totem pole boost topology.
    The first embodiment of the invention discloses a ballast 101 for lighting devices (eg one or more LEDs), which has an actively switched PFC circuit 102, which is preferably implemented in a totem pole boost topology, wherein the control circuit arrangement or the control circuit is disconnected from the ground potential of the ballast 101 so as to be at a floating potential. Such a ballast 101 according to the present invention is shown in FIG.
    In detail, the ballast 101 has an actively switched PFC circuit 102, which is preferably implemented in a totem pole boost topology or is a totem pole PFC circuit, a control circuit 103 and a low voltage supply. The totem pole PFC circuit 102 corresponds to the totem pole PFC circuit of US patent application publication US 2013/0257390 A1, which is hereby incorporated by reference. The totem pole PFC circuit 102 has a zero crossing inductor 105 for detecting the zero crossings of the current flowing through the inductance of the totem pole PFC circuit 102, and a shunt resistor 106 for detecting the current flowing through the flows through the switches of the totem pole PFC circuit 102. The shunt resistor 106 is at a floating potential and allows a peak current to be detected. The detection results of the zero-cross inductance 105 and the shunt resistor 106 are provided to the control circuit 103 as feedback signals. The control circuit 103 uses the feedback signals to control the totem pole PFC circuit 102. In detail, the control circuit controls the switches of the totem pole PFC circuit 102 by providing control signals or switching signals to the switches. The switches of the totem pole PFC circuit 102 can be transistors and thus the control signals can correspond to gate signals. The totem pole PFC circuit 102 is connected to the ground potential (GND) of the ballast 101, while the control circuit 103 is separated (isolated) from the ground potential of the ballast 101 and is at a floating potential. That is, the control circuit is galvanically isolated from the ground potential of the ballast 101, so that it is at a floating potential. The control circuit 103 is supplied with voltage from a low voltage supply 104 which is at the same floating potential as the control circuit. The shunt resistor 106 of the totem pole PFC circuit 102 is at the same floating potential as the control circuit.
    Since the control circuit 103 is separated from the ground potential of the ballast 101 and is at a floating potential, the potential difference between the control circuit 103 and the switches of the totem pole PFC circuit 102 is compared to the potential difference when the control circuit 103 depends on the ground potential, is reduced. Therefore, complex drive models for driving the switches of the totem pole PFC circuit 102 can be avoided.
    Fig. 2 shows a totem pole PFC circuit of a ballast according to the present invention. The totem pole PFC circuit has an AC power supply or alternating current power supply (AC power supply), which supplies the totem pole PFC circuit 102 with an alternating voltage (AC voltage) un. An EMI filter with a capacitor Cın and an inductance Lin can be provided at the input of the PFC circuit. The TotemPole PFC circuit has two bridge arms with a first bridge arm and a second bridge arm. The first bridge arm is a high frequency bridge arm and the second bridge arm is a low frequency bridge arm. The first bridge arm comprises a first switch S1 and a second switch S2, which are connected in series with one another. A second connection of the first switch S1 is connected to a first connection of the second switch S2 and is coupled to a first connection of the AC power supply via a first inductance L1 +. The zero crossings of the current i_ through the first inductance L; can be detected by a secondary winding or inductance Lzero. The second bridge arm comprises a third switch S3 and a fourth switch S4, which are connected in series with one another. A second terminal of the third switch is connected to a first terminal of the fourth switch and a second end of the AC power supply. An energy store, such as a capacitor Co, is arranged at the output of the totem pole PFC circuit in order to
    voltage U to provide.
    The switches S3 and S4 of the second bridge arm (the low-frequency bridge arm) are alternately commutated or switched at an operating frequency which corresponds to the frequency of the input alternating voltage (AC input voltage) un. The switches S1 and S2 of the first bridge arm (the high-frequency bridge arm) are alternately commutated or switched at a high operating frequency that is higher than the operating frequency of the second bridge arm.
    3A-3D show operating phases of a totem pole boost topology for the first half cycle of the AC input voltage un, i. the positive half cycle of the voltage waveform.
    First, the second and fourth switches S2 and S4 are in the on-state and the first and third switches S1 and S3 are in the off-state, so that the inductance L1 is charged as shown in Fig. 3A. Next, the first switch S1 is turned on and the second switch S2 is turned off so that the inductor L1 charges the capacitor C1 as shown in FIG. 3B. As shown in FIG. 3C, when the potential of the capacitor C1 becomes higher than the potential of the inductor L1, current flows from the capacitor C1 back to the inductor L1. Next, the second switch S2 is switched on again and the first switch S1 is switched off, so that, as shown in FIG. 3D, the inductance L1 is charged again.
    The third and fourth switches S3 and S4 are operated alternately at an operating frequency which corresponds to the frequency of the alternating voltage Un, which can be about 50-60 Hz. The first and second switches S1 and S2 are also operated alternately at a high frequency which is higher than the operating frequency of the third and fourth switches S3 and S4. The operating frequency of the first and second switches S1 and S2 is controlled by a control circuit as a function of the zero crossings of the current flowing through the inductance L1 and the current flowing through the switch, which is detected by a shunt resistor. The control circuit, the devices for detecting the zero crossings and the shunt resistance correspond to those already mentioned with reference to FIG. 1, and are not shown in FIGS. 3A-3D.
    Fig. 4 shows a control loop model for controlling the totem pole PFC circuit of the ballast according to the present invention. In detail, Fig. 4 shows a control loop model for controlling the on-time and the off-time of the switch S2 of the totem pole PFC circuit, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3A-3D.
    The on-time corresponds to the time during which the switch is on, i.e. during which the switch is in the on-state. The off time corresponds to the time during which the switch is switched off, i.e. during which the switch is in the off state. The AC input voltage is detected by a period counter, and thus the zero crossings of the AC input voltage can be detected.
    The off time of the switch S2 is calculated by the FET2OFFTime timer on the basis of the time TR and the value Zx_neg, the time TR being obtained from a lookup table LUT TR_add based on the input AC voltage.
    The on-time of switch S2 is calculated by the FET2ONTime timer in a feedback loop. Namely, the output voltage Vo of the totem pole PFC circuit is fed back to the control circuit to calculate the on-time of the switch S2. In detail, the output voltage Vo is filtered with a low-pass filter LP and then analog-to-digital converted by an analog-to-digital converter ADC to become the digital signal Vin which is the actual value of the output voltage of the totem pole PFC circuit . The digital signal Vin is then processed in the IP control using a control algorithm, e.g. a PI control algorithm, with a predefined setpoint Vac, so1ı compared in order to provide the time Ton_pi. The predefined or variably adjustable on-time Ton add, which is obtained from the lookup table LUT Ton_add based on the input AC voltage, is then combined with the time Ton_pi in order to provide the FET2ONTime timer with the on-time tone.
    len, whereby the value Zx_pos is also made available to the FET2ONTime timer. The FET2ONTimeTimer and the FET2OFFTime-Timer provide control signals or gate signals to switch S2 of the totem pole PFC.
    权利要求:
    Claims (9)
    [1]
    1. Ballast (101) for lighting devices with an actively switched power factor correction stage (102), which is implemented in a totem pole boost topology, and with:
    - A control circuit (103) which outputs control signals for driving switches of the PFC stage (102),
    - wherein the control circuit (103) is at a floating potential and is galvanically isolated from a ground potential of the ballast (101).
    [2]
    2. Ballast (101) according to claim 1, in which the control circuit feedback signals from the PFC stage (102) are provided which indicate the zero crossings of the current through an inductance (105) of the PFC stage (102) and the current through at least one Specify the switches for the switches of the PFC stage (102).
    [3]
    The ballast (101) according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising: a low voltage supply (104) for the control circuit (103), wherein the low voltage supply (104) for the control circuit (103) is at the same floating potential as the control circuit (103) ) and is galvanically isolated from the ground potential of the ballast (101).
    [4]
    4. Ballast (101) according to one of the preceding claims, further comprising a communication and detection interface which is at the same floating potential as the control circuit (103) and is galvanically isolated from the ground potential of the ballast (101).
    [5]
    The ballast (101) of any preceding claim, further comprising: a shunt resistor (106) for sensing the current through the at least one switch, the shunt resistor (106) being at the same floating potential as the control circuit (103).
    [6]
    6. Ballast (101) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the control circuit (103) is configured to provide the PFC stage (102) with at least two types of control signals for driving the switches of the PFC stage (102).
    [7]
    7. Ballast (101) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the control circuit (103) is configured to generate a first type of control signals for driving a first part of the switches of the PFC stage (102) using the from the PFC stage (102) received feedback signals, and the control circuit (102) is configured to provide a second type of control signals for driving a second part of the switches of the PFC stage (102) without any regulation using the feedback signals received from the PFC stage (102).
    [8]
    8. Ballast (101) according to claim 7, wherein the second type of control signals has an operating frequency which corresponds to the frequency of the input AC voltage of the PFC stage (102).
    [9]
    9. Lighting device, comprising: lighting devices and a ballast according to claims 1 to 8, which drives the lighting devices.
    In addition 5 sheets of drawings
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    同族专利:
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    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US20080180037A1|2007-01-29|2008-07-31|Empower Electronics, Inc|Electronic ballasts for lighting systems|
    WO2010124314A1|2009-04-30|2010-11-04|Tridonic Gmbh & Co Kg|Emergency light operating device having isolated pfc unit|
    US20130127358A1|2011-11-17|2013-05-23|Gang Yao|Led power source with over-voltage protection|
    US20130257390A1|2012-03-29|2013-10-03|Delta Electronics, Inc|Power factor correction circuit|
    US5867379A|1995-01-12|1999-02-02|University Of Colorado|Non-linear carrier controllers for high power factor rectification|
    US7256553B1|2006-09-08|2007-08-14|Lien Chang Electronic Enterprise Co., Ltd.|Lamp driving system controlled by electrical isolation|CN108847871B|2018-06-06|2021-06-11|阳光电源股份有限公司|Communication circuit and communication system applied to cascade multilevel inverter|
    GB2596801A|2020-07-03|2022-01-12|Raytheon Systems Ltd|Bridge rectifier operation and power factor correction circuit|
    WO2022032537A1|2020-08-12|2022-02-17|华为数字能源技术有限公司|Totem-pole bridgeless power factor correction circuit and power electronic device|
    法律状态:
    2021-07-15| MM01| Lapse because of not paying annual fees|Effective date: 20201130 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DE102015206626.6A|DE102015206626A1|2015-04-14|2015-04-14|Ballast with Totem Pole Power Factor Correction |PCT/AT2016/050091| WO2016164947A1|2015-04-14|2016-04-12|Ballast for lighting means|
    US15/537,479| US10057950B2|2015-04-14|2016-04-12|Ballast for lighting means|
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